One of the plastic arts. Is the general term for carving and shaping. Materials (such as metal, wood, stone, etc.), plastic (such as clay, sludge, etc.) or can be carved to produce a variety of real volume image. Because it occupies three times (length, width, height) space, therefore the "space art. Also called "visual art" or "tactile art". Generally divided into
casting bronze sculpture in the round and relief. Can be divided into outdoor sculpture and indoor sculpture. Material can be stored for a long, and can play the role of decoration and beautification of buildings, utensils, Guchang with permanent and monumental. China in the Neolithic period, coexist realistic Deco sculpture, which still exists abound. When Shang and Zhou the serenity Zhizhuo realistic pretty color jade and severe and mysterious bronze reliefs, which constitute mainly geometric patterns and decorative style. Spring and Autumn and Warring States of sculpture, a variety of styles, and unified in being strong dynamic and decorative deformation. Qin Dynasty sculpture is static in action, realistic style shred of dignity Di Di, instead of the war years fighting against brain sense and decorative wind. Han Dynasty sculpture profound and vivid dynamic, showing the depth of the social reality. Range tends to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Shiyao and temple sculpture, style and class. Tang sculpture, plump and beautiful styling Broad momentum spread long. Song Dynasty sculpture skilled performance in real life, sculpture techniques innovation. Qing Dynasty sculpture floating Korea and cumbersome. The sculpture art mostly easy to understand, to break through the limitations of language, text, and national image of the record of the scientific, cultural, economic, political, military, customs and social life, has considerable artistic value and historical value, is the study of human valuable historical information.
Thermo plastic sculpture terminology. A sculpture coursework. Generally refers to the sculpture sketches of the person (or thing) the end of the basic exercises (or exercise) only from memory, do not look at the shaping of the object. Is one of the basic training courses. It can consolidate the image memory, and enhance the understanding of the character of the laws of nature.
Speed plastic sculptures term. A sculpture coursework. Generally refers to in a short period of time, in brief, the plastic clay or plastic material to shape the the object action physiognomy and charm Pieces sculpture. Is a separate course, is also a quick way to collect three-dimensional image of the material. Can develop a keen sense of observation, the image memory and the ability to quickly depict objects.
Stone carving
Also known as the "stone". One of carving art. As part of China's five
large sculpture tradition (pottery, wood, stone, copper, clay), is a sculpture material classification of varieties. Large ancient grotto, Cliff, tomb sculpture and architectural sculpture, the vast majority with the stone into is still save a lot of caves. Qin Dynasty stone whale is a huge stone carving, jade carving, mostly small. The school with materials such as marble (white marble is one of them), bluestone, granite, gravel. Stone was all natural raw materials, and can be stored for a long, large monumental and decorative carved stone carving therefore become major art varieties. Traditional stone carving is based ax, hammer, chisel and other tools Modern glycerine, gunpowder, and a simple mechanical alternative. Variety of stone carving, color Texture colorful, coordinated with the blend of sky landforms, material texture and scenery, such as the Leshan Giant Buddha, gives a sublime beauty to enjoy. [NextPage]
Wood carving
One of carving art. As part of China's five largest sculpture tradition (pottery, wood, stone, copper, clay), is a sculpture material classification of varieties. Phoebe, camphor, cedar, boxwood, longan wood, mahogany, pear, poplar, mulberry root and other fruits, commonly used; general eye composition width of roundwood surrounding the carved figures, landscapes, flowers, animals, Rendezvous pavilions, animals, waterfowl and other indoor small painting was based. Particular about the knife and style, as well as the wood itself natural characteristics to look for the material inherent expressive, subtle changes in surface color, texture, structure dwarf degree of potential material according ShiYi, the amount of shape drawn be chisels The unique taste in art. China has a long-term tradition of woodcarving, such as the Chu Tomb wood carving and Luban do woodcarving legend, the various parts of the ancient buildings of wooden decoration, extensive use of wood carving tie, is the main part of the building construction. Large indoor wood carvings, mainly used as a religious idol, the Lama Temple giant Dumu Buddha and Chengde sticky spell Avalokitesvara are made giant pieces of wood woodcarving masterpieces.
Gudiao
Also known as "bone carving, carving art. Press material classification of carving one species. Patterns or things like carved on animal bones or bone products. Suitable crafted a more beautiful image of fine solid bone. The human ancestors rough Gudiao products pioneered the
art of sculpture. From the 60 to 10 thousand years ago, the late Paleolithic Zhoukoudian Upper Cave unearthed bone needles, is one of China's most ancient carvings. Began in the primitive society, a kind of art ranging from paintings and sculptures. To the Neolithic forms small carvings Gudiao has made great progress, overcast ridge engraved, of thin embossed pattern, sculpture in the round, such as various forms of decorative items.
The bone carving tube Neolithic bone carving crafts. 1959 Shandong Taian Dawenkou unearthed. These bone carving utensils use of animal limb bones cavity-forming, or round or triangular, 6 - 8 cm. Forms of wall decoration processing or scraping grinding or engraving (such as tick raised string bands, incised ditch strips, etc.), some perforation inlaid turquoise.
Shell carving
Colored shells carved or inlaid into crafts. Before and after the Song and Yuan China folk popular have process of Lo fine mosaic and shellfish posts. Varieties: the various characters, animals, flowers, hanging furnishings; kinds of stationery, cigarette lighters, lamps and other household items. Wealthy color, shape singular natural beauty. The main producing areas of Liaoning, Dalian, Qingdao, Shandong Province, Beihai, Guangxi, Guangdong Lufeng other places.
Brick
A kind of folk carving handicrafts. On the brick chisel and wooden hammer drill played the simple image of the various figures, flowers, etc., as a part of the decorations on the building. The types of relief, multi-carved pile of bricks. Beijing, Anhui, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Jiangsu, produced more famous Southern twist slender than vigorous, Northern style.
Clay
Also called "Caisu. A traditional sculpture crafts. Mixed with a little cotton fiber in the clay even after pound squeeze into the various personalities in the mud, dried, first on the foundation Zaishi painted. The most famous painted sculptures such as the the Dunhuang Mogao Bodhisattva and Taiyuan Jinci ladies, Wuxi Huishan clay figurines and Tianjin "clay figurine Zhang", with all the style.
Painted pottery design
Neolithic pottery. Process of primitive society first revealed the creation of arts and crafts design. Its main contents are: painted pottery design and social production and social life of the indivisibility of the dialectical unity of painted pottery adaptability and aesthetic design, painted pottery decorated from the property and relative independence.
